Category: Biology

Spirochaetes is a phylum of bacteria characterized by being gram-negative and possessing a unique cellular ultrastructure. They have internal motility organelles called periplasmic flagella, which allow them to flex, rotate on their longitudinal axis, and move in liquid and semi-solid media. Spirochaetes is one of the few bacterial phyla whose phenotypic characteristics account for its

The species Vitex agnus-castus is a deciduous, aromatic and medicinal shrub that belongs to the Lamiaceae family. Known as chaste tree, chaste tree, chasteberry, trigger willow, chastity herb or monk’s pepper, it is a plant native to the Mediterranean basin. It is a highly branched, medium-sized shrub with greenish-gray lanceolate leaves and thin, compact-looking branches.

The chigualcan ( Vasconcellea pubescens ) is a tall perennial herbaceous plant belonging to the Caricaceae family. Originally from South America, it is cultivated from Colombia to Chile in mountain ecosystems on altitudinal levels above 1,200 meters above sea level. Known as mountain papaya, in each region it acquires a particular name; In Ecuador it

Some of the most representative desert animals are camel, dingo, coyote, gerbil, desert scorpion, among others. Animals that live in the desert often have adaptation methods that allow them to survive in the extreme conditions of this ecosystem . For example, camels and dromedaries can go long periods of time without ingesting water. Deserts are regions

Some of the most outstanding endemic plants of Ecuador are the Dracula vampira, Juglans neotropica, Gentianella longibarbata, Bejaria subsessilis, Cotopaxia asplundii, Polylepis microphylla or Taxilejeunea galapagensis. Ecuador is one of the twelve megadiverse countries on the planet. That is, it has a great variety of animal and plant species in its territorial extension, which makes

The animals of the Ecuadorian coast are very diverse; Among them are the iguana, the jaguar, the alligator, the Galapagos penguin, the emerald hummingbird, the ruffed chachalaca, the guanta, the sea lion, among others. Ecuador is a small South American nation that is home to a fascinating composition of landscapes, habitats and species on the

The squirrels are rodents belonging to the family Sciuridae. They are characterized by having slim and agile bodies and by their long and dense tails. Commonly, this species is classified as arboreal, ground or flying squirrels, presenting morphologically notable differences. Ground squirrels typically have thick, strong forelegs, which they use to burrow into the ground.

The calcium pump is a structure of a protein nature that is responsible for the transport of calcium through cell membranes. This structure is dependent on ATP and is considered an ATPase-like protein, also called Ca 2+ -ATPase. Ca 2+ -ATPase is found in all cells of eukaryotic organisms and is essential for calcium homeostasis

The angiosperms are the most numerous, diverse and successful group of plants that inhabit the planet. They are known as flowering plants, since their most distinctive feature is the flower. The term angiosperm comes from the Greek words ” angion” which means container, and from the word ” sperma” , which means seed. Therefore, the

Giardia lamblia is a cosmopolitan flagellate protozoan that causes parasitosis in humans called giardiasis. This parasitosis is one of the main causes of gastrointestinal diseases worldwide, becoming a public health problem. Its presence is associated with a wide range of intestinal symptoms, characterized mainly by benign enteritis, but in chronic cases it can be accompanied by